INTERNET PROTOCOL

An Internet
Protocol address(IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each
device (e.g., computer, printer)
participating in a
computer network
that uses the Internet Protocol
forcommunication.

An IP address
serves two principal functions:
host or network
interface identification and
location addressing. Its
role has been
characterized as
follows: "A name
indicates what we
seek. An address
indicates where it
is. A route indicates how to
get there."

The designers of
the Internet
Protocol defined
an IP address as a
32-bit number and this system,
known as Internet
Protocol Version 4
(IPv4), is still in use
today.

However, due to the enormous growth of the Internet and the predicted depletion of available addresses, a new addressing system ( IPv6),using 128 bits for the address, was
developed in 1995,standardized as RFC 2460 in
1998, and is
being deployed
worldwide since
the mid-2000s.

IP addresses are
binary numbers,
but they are usually stored in
text files and
displayed in human-readable
notations, such as
172.16.254.1 (for
IPv4), and 2001:db8:0:1234:0:
567:8:1 (for IPv6).

The Internet
Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) manages the IP address space allocations globally and delegates five regional Internet
registries (RIRs) to allocate IP address blocks to local Internet registries (Internet service
providers) and other entities.
IP versions Two versions of the Internet Protocol (IP) are in use: IP Version 4 and IP Version 6. Each version
defines an IP address differently.
Because of its
prevalence, the
generic term IP address typically
still refers to the
addresses defined
by IPv4.

The gap in version sequence between IPv4 and
IPv6 resulted from
the assignment of
number 5 to the experimental
Internet Stream
Protocol in 1979, which however was never referred to as IPv5.

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